MPOWER 2008			MPOWER 2018			Point change
		Mean	(S.D.)		Mean	(S.D.)		Mean	(S.D.)	t	p-value	Relative change
All countries (n=195)
MONITOR		2.78	(1.04)		2.81	(1.10)		0.026	(0.96)	0.373	0.710	0.9%
PROTECT		2.58	(0.95)		3.40	(1.32)		0.815	(1.18)	9.663	<0.001	31.6%
OFFER help to quit		3.36	(0.79)		3.70	(0.85)		0.344	(0.75)	6.372	<0.001	10.2%
WARN - package		2.69	(0.91)		3.86	(1.23)		1.174	(1.07)	15.328	<0.001	43.7%
WARN - mass media		2.74	(1.35)		2.84	(1.37)		0.103	(1.82)	0.787	0.432	3.8%
ENFORCE ad bans		3.14	(1.08)		3.79	(1.06)		0.656	(1.01)	9.074	<0.001	20.9%
RAISE taxes		3.24	(1.08)		3.48	(1.10)		0.246	(0.81)	4.229	<0.001	7.6%
Most improved countries (n=10)
MONITOR		2.60	(0.83)		3.10	(0.74)		0.50	(0.85)	1.86	0.096	19.2%
PROTECT		2.40	(0.52)		4.80	(0.42)		2.40	(0.52)	14.70	<0.001	100%
OFFER help to quit		3.10	(0.57)		4.10	(0.57)		1.00	(0.67)	4.74	0.001	32.3%
WARN- package		2.10	(0.32)		5.00	(0.00)		2.90	(0.32)	29.00	<0.001	138%
WARN- mass media		2.60	(1.08)		4.40	(0.97)		1.80	(1.48)	3.86	0.004	69.2%
ENFORCE ad bans		2.00	(0.00)		4.30	(0.48)		2.30	(0.48)	15.06	<0.001	115%
RAISE taxes		3.00	(1.05)		3.20	(0.63)		0.20	(0.63)	1.00	0.340	6.7%
Declining countries (n=6)
MONITOR		3.00	(1.10)		2.00	(0.63)		-1.00	(0.89)	-2.74	0.041	-33.3%
PROTECT		3.00	(1.27)		2.67	(1.51)		-0.33	(0.82)	-1.00	0.360	-11.0%
OFFER help to quit		3.17	(1.17)		2.67	(1.03)		-0.50	(0.55)	-2.24	0.080	-15.8%
WARN - package		3.00	(1.27)		3.17	(1.47)		0.17	(0.41)	1.00	0.360	5.7%
WARN - mass media		2.17	(0.98)		2.17	(0.98)		--		--	--	--
ENFORCE ad bans		3.33	(1.51)		3.33	(1.51)		--		--	--	--
RAISE taxes		3.50	(1.05)		2.67	(1.63)		-0.83	(0.75)	-2.71	0.042	-23.7%