| Viral load suppression model variables |
Pooled |
Zambia |
Malawi |
Tanzania |
Eswatini |
| Gender: Male (Fem=1.0) |
0.523** |
0.460** |
0.560 |
0.432** |
0.696 |
|
|
(0.319 - 0.856) |
(0.228 - 0.929) |
(0.273 - 1.151) |
(0.226 - 0.825) |
(0.371 - 1.306) |
| HIV+ Age: 25 to 49 years (Age 15-24=1) |
1.896 |
2.764 |
2.171 |
0.813 |
1.822 |
|
|
(0.707 - 5.085) |
(0.882 - 8.661) |
(0.724 - 6.512) |
(0.319 - 2.068) |
(0.830 - 3.998) |
|
50 +years (Age 15-24=1) |
3.204 |
10.94*** |
1.913 |
2.400 |
4.432*** |
|
|
(0.835 - 12.30) |
(2.354 - 50.86) |
(0.534 - 6.860) |
(0.848 - 6.789) |
(1.595 - 12.32) |
| # Partners 12 months: One (None=1) |
0.951 |
0.988 |
1.158 |
0.871 |
1.301 |
|
|
(0.526 - 1.720) |
(0.514 - 1.899) |
(0.581 - 2.308) |
(0.551 - 1.378) |
(0.794 - 2.133) |
|
Multiple (None=1) |
1.202 |
1.403 |
4.342** |
0.750 |
1.269 |
|
|
(0.513 - 2.813) |
(0.474 - 4.155) |
(1.057 - 17.84) |
(0.434 - 1.299) |
(0.503 - 3.199) |
| Education: Secondary (<S=1.0) |
1.811** |
1.373 |
2.223 |
0.985 |
1.112 |
|
|
(1.057 - 3.102) |
(0.736 - 2.561) |
(0.861 - 5.740) |
(0.583 - 1.665) |
(0.670 - 1.846) |
|
Tertiary (<S=1.0) |
2.084 |
1.649 |
2.561 |
1.465 |
1.586 |
|
|
(0.209 - 20.75) |
(0.224 - 12.13) |
(0.666 - 9.855) |
(0.653 - 3.285) |
(0.798 - 3.154) |
| Wealth: Q2-Q4 (W1=1.0) |
0.907 |
1.104 |
0.477 |
1.127 |
0.862 |
|
|
(0.674 - 1.222) |
(0.468 - 2.604) |
(0.174 - 1.310) |
(0.542 - 2.342 |
(0.494 - 1.504) |
|
Q5 (W1=1.0) |
1.455** |
1.217 |
0.544 |
1.142 |
0.761 |
|
|
(0.987 - 2.145) |
(0.479 - 3.094) |
(0.173 - 1.716) |
(0.443 - 2.940) |
(0.328 - 1.769) |
| Travel time to care- 1 to 2 hrs (<1 hour=1.0) |
0.890 |
0.831 |
1.237 |
na |
0.922 |
|
|
(0.507 - 1.560) |
(0.367 - 1.883) |
(0.662 - 2.312) |
|
(0.553 - 1.536) |
|
Over 2 hours (<1 hour=1.0) |
0.992 |
0.793 |
1.164 |
na |
0.768 |
|
|
(0.618 - 1.594) |
(0.390 - 1.612) |
(0.517 - 2.623) |
|
(0.352 - 1.677) |
| Household size: 4 to 9 (1-3 =1.0) |
1.250 |
0.730 |
0.704 |
1.732** |
0.563** |
|
|
(0.791 - 1.974) |
(0.368 - 1.449) |
(0.370 - 1.341) |
(1.071 - 2.802) |
(0.328 - 0.966) |
|
10 and Over (1-3 =1.0) |
0.725 |
0.891 |
0.633 |
1.616 |
0.882 |
|
|
(0.313 - 1.679) |
(0.335 - 2.376) |
(0.167 - 2.392) |
(0.560 - 4.669) |
(0.375 - 2.075) |
| Household head: HIV + (HHH Neg =1.0) |
1.233 |
1.623 |
2.302** |
1.720 |
1.576 |
|
|
(0.525 - 2.894) |
(0.719 - 3.665) |
(1.050 - 5.050) |
(0.919 - 3.221) |
(0.935 - 2.653) |
| Household head: Male (HHH Fem=1.0) |
0.940 |
1.313 |
0.941 |
1.384 |
1.136 |
|
|
(0.589 - 1.500) |
(0.652 - 2.642) |
(0.454 - 1.949) |
(0.748 - 2.562) |
(0.634 - 2.037) |
| Employed past 12 months (Not employed =1) |
0.611** |
0.567 |
0.534 |
1.087 |
1.353 |
|
|
(0.409 - 0.913) |
(0.319 - 1.008) |
(0.277 - 1.030) |
(0.698 - 1.691) |
(0.833 - 2.196) |
| Drug regimen- Efavirenz (Nevirapine or other=1.0) |
1.419 |
2.760** |
na |
na |
1.611 |
|
|
(0.489 - 4.122) |
(1.078 - 7.066) |
|
|
(0.959 - 2.705) |
|
Lopinavir (Nevirapine or other=1.0) |
2.655 |
2.624 |
na |
na |
1.194 |
|
|
(0.785 - 8.976) |
(0.638 - 10.80) |
|
|
(0.386 - 3.694) |
| Duration of HIV+ 2 to 3 yrs (<2 years = 1.0) |
1.811 |
1.627 |
2.756 |
1.750 |
1.625 |
|
|
(0.336 - 9.767) |
(0.561 - 4.723) |
(0.531 - 14.31) |
(0.999 - 3.063) |
(0.680 - 3.884) |
|
4 to 10 yrs (<2 years = 1.0) |
2.018 |
1.575 |
4.938** |
1.948** |
1.502 |
|
|
(0.355 - 11.48) |
(0.571 - 4.347) |
(1.091 - 22.34) |
(1.133 - 3.347) |
(0.651 - 3.465) |
|
Over 10 yrs (<2 years = 1.0) |
1.428 |
1.141 |
3.135 |
1.091 |
1.273 |
|
|
(0.216 - 9.423) |
(0.341 - 3.814) |
(0.586 - 16.77) |
(0.458 - 2.595) |
(0.486 - 3.336) |
| HIV knowledge (Low =1.0) |
0.939 |
na |
0.770 |
1.442 |
na |
|
|
(0.521 - 1.694) |
|
(0.320 - 1.854) |
(0.875 - 2.379) |
|
| Stigma (unlikely =1.0) |
0.985 |
na |
0.867 |
na |
na |
|
|
(0.752 - 1.290) |
|
(0.623 - 1.209) |
|
|
| Constant |
9.557 |
1.018 |
1.985 |
0.987 |
3.668 |
|
|
(0.380 - 240.1) |
(0.102 - 10.16) |
(0.173 - 22.73) |
(0.217 - 4.478) |
(0.986 - 13.64) |
| Observations |
7,758 |
3,031 |
3,066 |
2,330 |
2,728 |