| Abiyot (2014)[@15427] |
Ethiopia |
Awareness: 87/359 (24.2%) were aware of decreased fetal movement as an obstetric danger sign |
| Study area: 8 public health institutions in Mekelle City |
| Participants: women visiting antenatal care; 76.9% resided in urban areas. 79.1% had 1-3 pregnancies, 8.1% had 4-6, and 0.6% had 7 or more |
| Timeframe: December 2013 to June 2014 |
| Anya (2008)[@15428] |
The Gambia |
Awareness: 13 out of 418 (3.1%) women were aware of “cessation of fetal movement/baby does not move” as a danger sign in pregnancy |
| Study area: Western Health Division; clinics are led by trained midwives and less than 3% of women receive antenatal care at private facilities |
| Participants: women attending 12 antenatal clinics; 346 women had one or more prior deliveries. 187 respondents were from rural areas and 231 from urban areas |
| Timeframe: November to December 2004 |
| Doctor (2013)[@15429] |
Nigeria |
Awareness: 16.4% of 5,083 women were aware of absent fetal movement as an obstetric danger sign during pregnancy |
| Study area: the three northern Nigerian states of Katsina, Yobe, and Zamfara |
| Participants: all women had been pregnant within the five years prior to the survey, 59.1% of these received no antenatal care. One third of participants lived in urban areas, the rest in rural areas. |
| Timeframe: 2009, month not specified |
| Gebrehiwot (2014)[@15430] |
Ethiopia |
Awareness: 4/422 (0.95%) had experienced loss of fetal movement; 32.4% of women knew information on RFM as a danger sign in pregnancy |
| Study area: Mekelle hospital, a government hospital, and Ayder referral hospital in Mekelle town |
| Participants: pregnant women; 40% of respondents had 3+ previous pregnancies and 25.9% were pregnant for the first time. 88.7% had antenatal clinic follow up |
| Timeframe: November 2012 to January 2013 |
| Hailu (2010)[@15431] |
Ethiopia |
Awareness: “Most of the focus group discussants and in-depth interview participants mentioned decreased fetal movement [and others] … as the danger signs during pregnancy” |
| Study area: 1 health centre, 2 upgrading health centres, 2 medium private clinics, and 2 non-governmental clinics in Aleta Wondo district |
| Participants: 713 women with a gestational age of at least three months; 86.7% of respondents lived in rural areas |
| Timeframe: 18th February to 20th March 2007 |
| Hailu (2014)[@15432] |
Ethiopia |
Awareness: “…the most common spontaneously mentioned danger signs were… absence of fetal movement by 159 (32.8%)” |
| Study area: 22 health posts, 7 health centres, one general hospital in Tsegedie district, Tigray regional state |
| Participants: 485 women of childbearing age who gave birth in the two years prior to the survey; 430 from rural areas and 55 urban |
| Timeframe: 20th October 2012 to 19th June 2013 |
| Hasan (2002)[@15433] |
Pakistan |
Awareness: 5% of 329 women were aware of decreased/absent fetal movement as a clinically important danger sign |
| Study area: Rehri Goth, a settlement with little access to secondary and tertiary healthcare |
| Participants: systematic sampling of married women of reproductive age from all sixteen sectors, women had an average of four children and 75% had their last delivery at home |
| Timeframe: 1999, months not specified |
| Mengesha (2014)[@15434] |
Ethiopia |
Awareness: when asked to mention danger signs during pregnancy, 113 (29.4%) mentioned reduced fetal movement |
| Study area: Debark Town, North Gondar Administrative Zone. There are five health posts, one health centre, one rural hospital |
| Participants: systematic random sampling of women who had attended ANC follow up during the time of the survey; 34.5% of women had no children |
| Timeframe: June to September 2012 |
| Morhason-Bello (2016)[@15435] |
Nigeria |
Awareness: of 531 women, 62.3% were aware of reduced fetal movement as a danger sign during pregnancy and “almost all respondents knew that they should come to the hospital any time they noticed any of the key danger signs” |
| Study area: University College Hospital, a tertiary health care facility in Oyo State |
| Participants: random sampling of women who had attended at least one ANC session |
| Timeframe: not specified |
| Okour (2012)[@15436] |
Jordan |
Awareness: 11.7% of 350 women were aware of absence of fetal movement as a pregnancy danger sign. 26.9% received information about danger signs from a doctor or healthcare provider |
| Study area: public maternity centres in Zarqa |
| Participants: pregnant women age 15 or older who attended 1 of 4 prenatal care clinics |
| Timeframe: March 2010 |
| Olagbuji (2014)[@15437] |
Nigeria |
Awareness: 47% of women demonstrated right knowledge of decreased fetal movement; 84 women (37.3%) reported knowledge of the alarm limit (fewer than 10 fetal movements in daytime period) and 52 of these women reported that they would seek care in this instance.
53.5% of women mentioned doctors as their lead source of information about fetal movement in the third trimester. 39.6% reported that they received information from their antenatal care providers to “seek immediate care when faced with variation in their perceived average fetal movement”.
80 women had knowledge of at least one adverse pregnancy outcome that may arise from decreased or excessive fetal movement; stillbirth was mentioned by 16.4% of women. |
| Study area: two tertiary teaching hospitals |
| Participants: 225 women with singleton pregnancies at ≥28 weeks’ gestation; 45.8% were nulliparous |
| Timeframe: 1st December 2012 to 31st January 2013 |
| Udofia (2013)[@15438] |
Ghana |
Awareness: 22 of 483 women (4.6%) were aware of reduced fetal movement as a maternal danger sign |
| Study area: Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, the leading national referral centre and the only public tertiary hospital in southern Ghana |
| Participants: women aged 15-49 attending the postnatal clinic |
| Timeframe: March to December 2011 |