Authors HbA1c outcome measure Black Africans South Asians White group
Ballotari et al. 2015[@15170] HbA1c > 9% (%) Male: 27.8 Male: 29.8 Male: 12.0
Female: 37.5
Caribbean
Male: 50.0
Female: 28.6 Female: 42.3 Female: 12.6
James et al. 2012[@15178] ≤ 7.5% 49% 45% 52%
Dreyer et al. 2009[@15180] Mean 8.1% 8.0% 7.6%
Fosse-Edorh et al. 2014[@15176] ≥ 8% 30% NR 15%
Weiland et al. 2012[@15184] ≤ 7% 40.7% NR 53.9%
Biljholt et al. 2018[@15173] ≤ 7% Amsterdam 73.3% NR NR
Berlin 72.9% NR
London 66.7% NR
Urban Ghana 56.3% NR
Rural Ghana 37.3% NR
Choukem et al. 2014[@15177] Mean Cameroonian 9.9% NR 8.1%
African immigrants 8.6%
Abubakari et al. 2013[@15171] Mean 8.33% NR 8.04%
African Caribbean 8.15%
Percentage with HbA1c > 7% (%) 59 57
African Caribbean 64
Snijder et al. 2017[@15174] Percentage with HbA1c ≤ 7% (%) Male: 45.6 Male: 38.5 Male: 67.4
Female: 54.0 Female: 38.2 Female: 47.1
Verma et al. 2010[@15175] 1997 33.6 34.1 32.5
2006 77.7 75.5 77.3
≤ 7.0% (%)1997 3.9 4.1 0
≤ 7.0% (%) 2006 39.0 35.7 40.6